Researchers from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, are collecting data from forests in northern Wisconsin using lidar-equipped drones. The system in use is made by a company called Route Scene. If you are unfamiliar with lidar technology, it is quite similar to sonar technology in that it uses sound waves to measure how long those waves take to bounce off objects; lidar does the same thing but with light. And, in comparison to other low-altitude aerial data capture and mapping techniques such as photogrammetry, lidar is rather distinctive! It enables you to collect data despite dense foliage and other interfering debris.

Lidar sensors are far more expensive than an off-the-shelf prosumer drone, but the data can be extremely useful and is well worth the investment. The project is known as CHEESEHEAD, which is an acronym for the Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors. That's quite a mouthful! The project's goal is to find solutions to minimize carbon emissions by better understanding how vegetation and forests influence the climate.

Hopefully, as it gets simpler to fly a drone beyond visual line of sight, at least in the United States, and as rules develop, a lot more research initiatives like this will take off.

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